Qu (q ū) surname

It inherits the lineage of King Wu of Chu, with its ancestor being Qu Xia, and is the 172nd contemporary surname in China. The ancestors of the Qu family, who migrated from the Hongdong locust tree in the Ming Dynasty, were people from Pingyang Prefecture, Hongdong County, Zhaocheng County, and other places. In the early Ming Dynasty, they were ordered to move to other places in the Hongdong locust tree. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, their descendants were distributed in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shaanxi, Gansu, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shanxi and other places.

The earliest record of the Qu surname can be found in the Tang Dynasty's "Yuanhe Surname Compilation".

There are three main sources of surnames:

① Originating from the surname Mi. According to the "Annotations on Chu Ci" and "Annals of Clans", during the Spring and Autumn Period, Xiong Tong of the State of Chu claimed to be King Wu. He imitated the example of King Wu of Zhou and divided some of his children into vassals. His son Xia was appointed as Mo Ao of the State of Chu. Due to his meritorious service in the war, King Wu of Chu renamed him Qu. Qu's hometown was located in present-day Zigui County, Hubei Province, and he was called Qu Xia. Qu Xia's descendants took the fiefdom as their surname. During the Warring States period, the Qu, Jing, and Zhao clans were the three most powerful clans in the state of Chu.

② Originating from the surnames of the ancient Xianbei ethnic group. According to the "Annals of the Official Family" in the Book of Wei, during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Qu Tu clan who took over the northern surname. After entering the Central Plains and establishing the capital in Luoyang, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei ordered the surname Qu to be changed to the Han surname.

③ Originating from the change of his surname. Qu Zun from Changli Tuhe in Later Wei, with the courtesy name Zipi. Learned and versatile. He was originally from the Northern Qutu clan and later changed his surname to Qu.

The county lords of the Qu surname mainly include Linhuai Commandery and Henan Commandery. Linhuai Commandery: During the Han Dynasty, a part of the original Sishui Commandery was separated to establish Linhuai Commandery. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was abolished and incorporated into the Xiapi Kingdom, while during the Jin Dynasty, Linhuai Commandery was reinstated. Equivalent to the area along the south bank of the Huai River in present-day Anhui Province.

The main hall names of the Qu surname are Sanlutang and Miluotang. Sanlu Hall and Miluo Hall are both named after Qu Yuan. During the Warring States period, Qu Yuan was well-known and had a strong memory. He was skilled in managing chaos and held the position of Sanlu Dafu in the state of Chu. King Huai of Chu highly respects his talents. Later, due to being slandered by treacherous ministers, the King of Chu distanced himself from him. He wrote 'Li Sao' and hopes that King Huai can understand it. The treacherous courtiers of King Huai spoke ill of him, and he was exiled to Jiangnan. He wrote the poem 'Fisherman's Poem' to express his patriotism and died by throwing himself into the Miluo River. He is a famous patriotic poet in history.

The main hall couplets of the Qu surname include: Miluo Diaogu (Qu Yuan); Jiang Guoying was enfeoffed (Qu Tutong). Huai Zhong composed Fu (Qu Yuan); Preaching in shock (Qu Chujing). Jie Tonghe Jing (Qu Fu); Fear the girl (Qu Yuan).

[Celebrities] 34 cases of Qu's family were included in the Dictionary of Chinese Names, and 42 cases were included in the Dictionary of Chinese Names in Past Dynasties. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was Qu Wan, a historical figure surnamed Qu, in the state of Chu; During the Warring States period, there was Qu Yuan in the state of Chu, who was a patriotic poet; During the Tang Dynasty, there were Qu Yinzhi, a native of Qiyang, who served as the governor of Shaozhou, and Qu Tutong, a native of Chang'an. During the reign of Emperor Gaozu, he served as the Minister of War and was conferred the title of Duke of Chiang Kai shek; During the Yuan Dynasty, Qu Yin served as the governor of Xinzhou; In the late Ming Dynasty, there were Qu Dajun, a scholar from Panyu, Guangdong, and Qu Dong, a native of Song County, who served in the Ministry of Personnel.

According to the seventh national census, there are 23123 people surnamed Qu in Shanxi Province, 4092 in Linfen City, and 89 in Hongdong County.

The ancestral shrine of the Qu surname is enshrined in the second altar of the Ancestral Hall on the Great Huai Tree.

The genealogy of the Qu surname mainly includes: "Nineteen Volumes of the Qu Family Genealogy in Linhai, Changshu, Jiangsu" (Sun Yat sen University, Hebei University);